IFC 4.3.2.20251031 (IFC4X3_ADD2) under development

4.1.4.1.5 Spatial Decomposition

通过聚合空间元素来提供项目的空间结构。空间结构是最终分配给项目的空间元素的层次树。分解是指与较低级别元素的关系(例如,此楼层有空间,或此道路有道路段)。

项目的空间结构可能由一系列不同的空间结构元素组成,从低到高最通用和最简单的形式如下:IfcSpaceIfcFacilityPart(或建筑物情况下的 IfcBuildingStorey)、IfcFacility(或其任何子类型)、IfcSiteIfcProject,其中 IfcSiteFacilityPartIfcSpace 是可选级别。因此,空间结构元素只能是相同或更高级别元素的一部分,但 IfcFacility 除外,它可以是 IfcFacilityPart 的一部分,以允许对高级别设施进行区域或纵向划分成可以包含一个或多个较小功能性设施的区域。

在可能的情况下,应使用 IfcFacility 的相关子类型来描述所讨论的空间结构元素。当没有具有预定义或用户定义类型的 IfcFacility 充分子类型时,可以通过在 IfcFacility.ObjectType 中定义的相应且商定的类型标识符来实例化更高级别的通用 IfcFacility 实体。这几乎可以完全覆盖尚未通过特定扩展解决的建筑环境领域和/或场景。

除了已识别的空间结构元素外,IfcSpatialZone 可用于在项目内提供跨领域或功能区域。这些元素通过 Spatial Containment 概念 (IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure) 包含在层次结构中,并且可以像其他空间结构元素一样聚合到功能层次结构中,但有一个限制,即 IfcSpatialZone 只能包含在另一个 IfcSpatialZone 中。

下图展示了应用此概念时使用的通用类和关系。 此外,概念可能对常见或标准化的行业实践和场景具有特殊意义。对于这些特定的使用场景,下表展示了用户可采用的推荐通用使用模式列表。

G <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcObjectDefinition.htm'>IfcObjectDefinition</a> IfcObjectDefinition 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelAggregates.htm'>IfcRelAggregates</a> IfcRelAggregates 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1] 5. RelatingObject [1:1] RelatedObjects 6. RelatedObjects [1:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcObjectDefinition.htm'>IfcObjectDefinition</a>:IsDecomposedBy1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelAggregates.htm'>IfcRelAggregates</a>:RelatingObject0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcSpatialElement.htm'>IfcSpatialElement</a> IfcSpatialElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] SpatialElementName 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ObjectType [0:1]      IsDeclaredBy [0:1]      Declares [0:?]      IsTypedBy [0:1]      IsDefinedBy [0:?] 6. ObjectPlacement [0:1] 7. Representation [0:1]      ReferencedBy [0:?]      PositionedRelativeTo [0:?]      ReferencedInStructures [0:?] 8. LongName [0:1]      ContainsElements [0:?]      ServicedBySystems [0:?]      ReferencesElements [0:?]      IsInterferedByElements [0:?]      InterferesElements [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelAggregates.htm'>IfcRelAggregates</a>:RelatedObjects1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcSpatialElement.htm'>IfcSpatialElement</a>:IfcSpatialElement0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcLabel.htm'>IfcLabel</a> IfcLabel <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcSpatialElement.htm'>IfcSpatialElement</a>:Name1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcLabel.htm'>IfcLabel</a>:IfcLabel0
Figure 4.1.4.1.5.A

General Usage

ApplicableEntity
RelatedObjects
IfcRelAggregates.RelatedObjects
IfcBridge IfcBridge
IfcBridge IfcBridgePart
IfcBridge IfcSpace
IfcBridgePart IfcSpace
IfcBuilding IfcBuilding
IfcBuilding IfcBuildingStorey
IfcBuilding IfcSpace
IfcBuildingStorey IfcBuildingStorey
IfcBuildingStorey IfcSpace
IfcExternalSpatialElementIfcExternalSpatialElement
IfcFacility IfcFacility
IfcFacility IfcFacilityPartCommon
IfcFacility IfcSpace
IfcFacilityPartCommon IfcSpace
IfcMarineFacility IfcMarineFacility
IfcMarineFacility IfcMarinePart
IfcMarineFacility IfcSpace
IfcMarinePart IfcSpace
IfcProject IfcBridge
IfcProject IfcBuilding
IfcProject IfcExternalSpatialElement
IfcProject IfcFacility
IfcProject IfcMarineFacility
IfcProject IfcRailway
IfcProject IfcRoad
IfcProject IfcSite
IfcProject IfcSpace
IfcRailway IfcRailway
IfcRailway IfcRailwayPart
IfcRailway IfcSpace
IfcRailwayPart IfcSpace
IfcRoad IfcRoad
IfcRoad IfcRoadPart
IfcRoad IfcSpace
IfcRoadPart IfcSpace
IfcSite IfcBridge
IfcSite IfcBuilding
IfcSite IfcExternalSpatialElement
IfcSite IfcFacility
IfcSite IfcMarineFacility
IfcSite IfcRailway
IfcSite IfcRoad
IfcSite IfcSite
IfcSite IfcSpace
IfcSpace IfcSpace
表 4.1.4.1.5.B