IFC 4.3.2.20251031 (IFC4X3_ADD2) under development

4.1.4.3.2 Element Openings

构件可以定义开口(几何空腔),这些开口可以是部分凹陷或贯穿整个深度。开口可选择性地由另一个构件填充,例如门或窗。

构件的“主体”表示在导出时不考虑空腔,需要通过 CSG 操作在导入时产生最终形状。

构件的“参考”表示在导出时考虑了空腔,因此在导入时无需额外的操作。

下图展示了应用此概念时使用的通用类和关系。 此外,概念可能对常见或标准化的行业实践和场景具有特殊意义。对于这些特定的使用场景,下表展示了用户可采用的推荐通用使用模式列表。

G <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcElement.htm'>IfcElement</a> IfcElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ObjectType [0:1]      IsDeclaredBy [0:1]      Declares [0:?]      IsTypedBy [0:1]      IsDefinedBy [0:?] 6. ObjectPlacement [0:1] 7. Representation [0:1]      ReferencedBy [0:?]      PositionedRelativeTo [0:?]      ReferencedInStructures [0:?] 8. Tag [0:1]      FillsVoids [0:1]      ConnectedTo [0:?]      IsInterferedByElements [0:?]      InterferesElements [0:?]      HasProjections [0:?]      HasOpenings [0:?]      IsConnectionRealization [0:?]      ProvidesBoundaries [0:?]      ConnectedFrom [0:?]      ContainedInStructure [0:1]      HasCoverings [0:?]      HasSurfaceFeatures [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelVoidsElement.htm'>IfcRelVoidsElement</a> IfcRelVoidsElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1] 5. RelatingBuildingElement [1:1] RelatedOpeningElement 6. RelatedOpeningElement [1:1] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcElement.htm'>IfcElement</a>:HasOpenings1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelVoidsElement.htm'>IfcRelVoidsElement</a>:RelatingBuildingElement0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElement.htm'>IfcOpeningElement</a> IfcOpeningElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ObjectType [0:1]      IsDeclaredBy [0:1]      Declares [0:?]      IsTypedBy [0:1]      IsDefinedBy [0:?] 6. ObjectPlacement [0:1] 7. Representation [0:1]      ReferencedBy [0:?]      PositionedRelativeTo [0:?]      ReferencedInStructures [0:?] 8. Tag [0:1]      FillsVoids [0:1]      ConnectedTo [0:?]      IsInterferedByElements [0:?]      InterferesElements [0:?]      HasProjections [0:?]      HasOpenings [0:?]      IsConnectionRealization [0:?]      ProvidesBoundaries [0:?]      ConnectedFrom [0:?]      ContainedInStructure [0:1]      HasCoverings [0:?]      HasSurfaceFeatures [0:?]      VoidsElements [1:1] OpeningElementType 9. PredefinedType [0:1] HasFillings      HasFillings [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelVoidsElement.htm'>IfcRelVoidsElement</a>:RelatedOpeningElement1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElement.htm'>IfcOpeningElement</a>:VoidsElements0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum.htm'>IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum</a> IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElement.htm'>IfcOpeningElement</a>:PredefinedType1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum.htm'>IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum</a>:IfcOpeningElementTypeEnum0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelFillsElement.htm'>IfcRelFillsElement</a> IfcRelFillsElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1] 5. RelatingOpeningElement [1:1] RelatedBuiltElement 6. RelatedBuildingElement [1:1] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcOpeningElement.htm'>IfcOpeningElement</a>:HasFillings1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelFillsElement.htm'>IfcRelFillsElement</a>:RelatingOpeningElement0 IfcElement_1 IfcElement 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ObjectType [0:1]      IsDeclaredBy [0:1]      Declares [0:?]      IsTypedBy [0:1]      IsDefinedBy [0:?] 6. ObjectPlacement [0:1] 7. Representation [0:1]      ReferencedBy [0:?]      PositionedRelativeTo [0:?]      ReferencedInStructures [0:?] 8. Tag [0:1] FillsVoids      FillsVoids [0:1]      ConnectedTo [0:?]      IsInterferedByElements [0:?]      InterferesElements [0:?]      HasProjections [0:?]      HasOpenings [0:?]      IsConnectionRealization [0:?]      ProvidesBoundaries [0:?]      ConnectedFrom [0:?]      ContainedInStructure [0:1]      HasCoverings [0:?]      HasSurfaceFeatures [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelFillsElement.htm'>IfcRelFillsElement</a>:RelatedBuildingElement1->IfcElement_1:FillsVoids0
Figure 4.1.4.3.2.A

General Usage

ApplicableEntity
RelatedBuiltElement
IfcRelFillsElement.RelatedBuildingElement
IfcWall IfcDoor
IfcWall IfcWindow
表 4.1.4.3.2.B