IFC 4.3.2.20251031 (IFC4X3_ADD2) under development

4.1.6.1 Object Typing

对象实例可以通过特定的对象类型来定义,使用 对象类型定义 概念。对于大多数语义对象,定义了一对实体——一个对象实例实体和一个相应的对象类型实体。

在实例级别,对象实例可能具有:

  • 通过应用类型级别定义的所有特性,与其对象类型实例相似的状态;
  • 特定特性的覆盖状态;
  • 没有定义的对象类型实例。

在对象类型级别定义的特性可能包括:

  • 通用命名和预定义类型;
  • 类型驱动的属性集中的通用属性;
  • 通用几何表示,作为映射表示应用于每个实例;
  • 通用材质分配(材质集用法除外);
  • 分解结构的通用定义。

许多对象实例和对象类型实体都有一个名为 PredefinedType 的属性,该属性由特定的枚举组成。这种预定义类型本质上提供了另一个继承级别,可以在不需要额外实体的情况下进一步区分对象。预定义类型不仅仅是信息性的;各种规则适用,例如适用的属性集、部件组成和分配端口。如果对象由 IfcTypeObject 类型的,则只有当 IfcTypeObject 上的 PredefinedType 设置为 NOTDEFINED 时,才能使用 IfcObject 实例上的 PredefinedType

下图展示了应用此概念时使用的通用类和关系。 此外,概念可能对常见或标准化的行业实践和场景具有特殊意义。对于这些特定的使用场景,下表展示了用户可采用的推荐通用使用模式列表。

G <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcObject.htm'>IfcObject</a> IfcObject 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ObjectType [0:1]      IsDeclaredBy [0:1]      Declares [0:?] HasType      IsTypedBy [0:1]      IsDefinedBy [0:?] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelDefinesByType.htm'>IfcRelDefinesByType</a> IfcRelDefinesByType 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1] 5. RelatedObjects [1:?] RelatingType 6. RelatingType [1:1] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcObject.htm'>IfcObject</a>:IsTypedBy1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelDefinesByType.htm'>IfcRelDefinesByType</a>:RelatedObjects0 <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcTypeObject.htm'>IfcTypeObject</a> IfcTypeObject 1. GlobalId [1:1] 2. OwnerHistory [0:1] TypeName 3. Name [0:1] 4. Description [0:1]      HasAssignments [0:?]      Nests [0:1]      IsNestedBy [0:?]      HasContext [0:1]      IsDecomposedBy [0:?]      Decomposes [0:1]      HasAssociations [0:?] 5. ApplicableOccurrence [0:1] 6. HasPropertySets [1:?]      Types [0:1] <a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcRelDefinesByType.htm'>IfcRelDefinesByType</a>:RelatingType1-><a href='/IFC/RELEASE/IFC4x3/HTML/lexical/IfcTypeObject.htm'>IfcTypeObject</a>:IfcTypeObject0
Figure 4.1.6.1.A

General Usage

ApplicableEntity
RelatingType
IfcRelDefinesByType.RelatingType
IfcActuator IfcActuatorType
IfcAirTerminal IfcAirTerminalType
IfcAirTerminalBox IfcAirTerminalBoxType
IfcAirToAirHeatRecovery IfcAirToAirHeatRecoveryType
IfcAlarm IfcAlarmType
IfcAudioVisualAppliance IfcAudioVisualApplianceType
IfcBeam IfcBeamType
IfcBearing IfcBearingType
IfcBoiler IfcBoilerType
IfcBuildingElementPart IfcBuildingElementPartType
IfcBuildingElementProxy IfcBuildingElementProxyType
IfcBuiltElement IfcBuiltElementType
IfcBurner IfcBurnerType
IfcCableCarrierFitting IfcCableCarrierFittingType
IfcCableCarrierSegment IfcCableCarrierSegmentType
IfcCableFitting IfcCableFittingType
IfcCableSegment IfcCableSegmentType
IfcCaissonFoundation IfcCaissonFoundationType
IfcChiller IfcChillerType
IfcChimney IfcChimneyType
IfcCivilElement IfcCivilElementType
IfcCoil IfcCoilType
IfcColumn IfcColumnType
IfcCommunicationsAppliance IfcCommunicationsApplianceType
IfcCompressor IfcCompressorType
IfcCondenser IfcCondenserType
IfcConstructionEquipmentResource IfcConstructionEquipmentResourceType
IfcConstructionMaterialResource IfcConstructionMaterialResourceType
IfcConstructionProductResource IfcConstructionProductResourceType
IfcConstructionResource IfcConstructionResourceType
IfcController IfcControllerType
IfcConveyorSegment IfcConveyorSegmentType
IfcCooledBeam IfcCooledBeamType
IfcCoolingTower IfcCoolingTowerType
IfcCourse IfcCourseType
IfcCovering IfcCoveringType
IfcCrewResource IfcCrewResourceType
IfcCurtainWall IfcCurtainWallType
IfcDamper IfcDamperType
IfcDeepFoundation IfcDeepFoundationType
IfcDiscreteAccessory IfcDiscreteAccessoryType
IfcDistributionBoard IfcDistributionBoardType
IfcDistributionChamberElement IfcDistributionChamberElementType
IfcDistributionControlElement IfcDistributionControlElementType
IfcDistributionElement IfcDistributionElementType
IfcDistributionFlowElement IfcDistributionFlowElementType
IfcDoor IfcDoorType
IfcDuctFitting IfcDuctFittingType
IfcDuctSegment IfcDuctSegmentType
IfcDuctSilencer IfcDuctSilencerType
IfcElectricAppliance IfcElectricApplianceType
IfcElectricDistributionBoard IfcElectricDistributionBoardType
IfcElectricFlowStorageDevice IfcElectricFlowStorageDeviceType
IfcElectricFlowTreatmentDevice IfcElectricFlowTreatmentDeviceType
IfcElectricGenerator IfcElectricGeneratorType
IfcElectricMotor IfcElectricMotorType
IfcElectricTimeControl IfcElectricTimeControlType
IfcElement IfcElementType
IfcElementAssembly IfcElementAssemblyType
IfcElementComponent IfcElementComponentType
IfcEnergyConversionDevice IfcEnergyConversionDeviceType
IfcEngine IfcEngineType
IfcEvaporativeCooler IfcEvaporativeCoolerType
IfcEvaporator IfcEvaporatorType
IfcEvent IfcEventType
IfcFan IfcFanType
IfcFastener IfcFastenerType
IfcFilter IfcFilterType
IfcFireSuppressionTerminal IfcFireSuppressionTerminalType
IfcFlowController IfcFlowControllerType
IfcFlowFitting IfcFlowFittingType
IfcFlowInstrument IfcFlowInstrumentType
IfcFlowMeter IfcFlowMeterType
IfcFlowMovingDevice IfcFlowMovingDeviceType
IfcFlowSegment IfcFlowSegmentType
IfcFlowStorageDevice IfcFlowStorageDeviceType
IfcFlowTerminal IfcFlowTerminalType
IfcFlowTreatmentDevice IfcFlowTreatmentDeviceType
IfcFooting IfcFootingType
IfcFurnishingElement IfcFurnishingElementType
IfcFurniture IfcFurnitureType
IfcGeographicElement IfcGeographicElementType
IfcHeatExchanger IfcHeatExchangerType
IfcHumidifier IfcHumidifierType
IfcImpactProtectionDevice IfcImpactProtectionDeviceType
IfcInterceptor IfcInterceptorType
IfcJunctionBox IfcJunctionBoxType
IfcKerb IfcKerbType
IfcLaborResource IfcLaborResourceType
IfcLamp IfcLampType
IfcLightFixture IfcLightFixtureType
IfcLiquidTerminal IfcLiquidTerminalType
IfcMechanicalFastener IfcMechanicalFastenerType
IfcMedicalDevice IfcMedicalDeviceType
IfcMember IfcMemberType
IfcMobileTelecommunicationsApplianceIfcMobileTelecommunicationsApplianceType
IfcMooringDevice IfcMooringDeviceType
IfcMotorConnection IfcMotorConnectionType
IfcNavigationElement IfcNavigationElementType
IfcObject IfcTypeObject
IfcOutlet IfcOutletType
IfcPavement IfcPavementType
IfcPile IfcPileType
IfcPipeFitting IfcPipeFittingType
IfcPipeSegment IfcPipeSegmentType
IfcPlate IfcPlateType
IfcProcedure IfcProcedureType
IfcProcess IfcTypeProcess
IfcProduct IfcTypeProduct
IfcProtectiveDevice IfcProtectiveDeviceType
IfcProtectiveDeviceTrippingUnit IfcProtectiveDeviceTrippingUnitType
IfcPump IfcPumpType
IfcRail IfcRailType
IfcRailing IfcRailingType
IfcRamp IfcRampType
IfcRampFlight IfcRampFlightType
IfcReinforcingBar IfcReinforcingBarType
IfcReinforcingElement IfcReinforcingElementType
IfcReinforcingMesh IfcReinforcingMeshType
IfcResource IfcTypeResource
IfcRoof IfcRoofType
IfcSanitaryTerminal IfcSanitaryTerminalType
IfcSensor IfcSensorType
IfcShadingDevice IfcShadingDeviceType
IfcSign IfcSignType
IfcSignal IfcSignalType
IfcSlab IfcSlabType
IfcSolarDevice IfcSolarDeviceType
IfcSpace IfcSpaceType
IfcSpaceHeater IfcSpaceHeaterType
IfcSpatialElement IfcSpatialElementType
IfcSpatialStructureElement IfcSpatialStructureElementType
IfcSpatialZone IfcSpatialZoneType
IfcStackTerminal IfcStackTerminalType
IfcStair IfcStairType
IfcStairFlight IfcStairFlightType
IfcSubContractResource IfcSubContractResourceType
IfcSwitchingDevice IfcSwitchingDeviceType
IfcSystemFurnitureElement IfcSystemFurnitureElementType
IfcTank IfcTankType
IfcTask IfcTaskType
IfcTendon IfcTendonType
IfcTendonAnchor IfcTendonAnchorType
IfcTendonConduit IfcTendonConduitType
IfcTrackElement IfcTrackElementType
IfcTransformer IfcTransformerType
IfcTransportElement IfcTransportElementType
IfcTransportationDevice IfcTransportationDeviceType
IfcTubeBundle IfcTubeBundleType
IfcUnitaryControlElement IfcUnitaryControlElementType
IfcUnitaryEquipment IfcUnitaryEquipmentType
IfcValve IfcValveType
IfcVehicle IfcVehicleType
IfcVibrationDamper IfcVibrationDamperType
IfcVibrationIsolator IfcVibrationIsolatorType
IfcWall IfcWallType
IfcWasteTerminal IfcWasteTerminalType
IfcWindow IfcWindowType
表 4.1.6.1.B